ETIAS vs ESTA: what is the difference?
Travellers often ask whether ETIAS is "the European ESTA." The short answer is yes — in concept. Both are electronic travel authorisations for visa-exempt visitors, tied to a passport and obtained online before travel. But the details differ.
What they have in common
- Not a visa. Both are pre-travel authorisations, not visas.
- Online only. No embassy appointment or biometric interview.
- Linked to your passport. Get a new passport and you need a new authorisation.
- Pre-screening. Both check applicants before they arrive at the border.
The key differences
| ETIAS (Europe) | ESTA (USA) | |
|---|---|---|
| Covers | 30 European countries | United States |
| Official fee | €20 per adult | US$21 |
| Validity | Up to 3 years | Up to 2 years |
| Max stay | 90 days / 180 days | Up to 90 days |
| Fee exemptions | Under 18 and over 70 | None |
Coverage is the big one
The most important practical difference is coverage. An ESTA is for travel to a single country, the United States. An approved ETIAS, on the other hand, will cover 30 European countries, letting you move between them for short stays without applying again for each one.
Which should you worry about?
It depends on where you are going. If you are heading to Europe and you currently travel visa-free, ETIAS will become a requirement once it launches. If you are also planning a trip to the US, you will still need a separate ESTA.
The good news: if you have used ESTA before, the ETIAS process will feel familiar. When applications open, we will help you prepare yours correctly. Join the waiting list to be notified.
ETIAS Requirements is a private, independent service and is not affiliated with the European Union or any government. Always verify official information on the EU portal.